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Let’s take a look at what aquaculture is called “disinfection”.

2017.01.18 1024

Is disinfection really killing bacteria without leaving it? Is the disinfection lasting as long as possible? In fact, disinfection is like brushing your teeth. After a long time, how many bacteria still have bacteria, but the structure of the bacteria has changed. I have heard people say, "My disinfectant is very good, I use it for a few months." If you really use it for a few months, then the fish can't survive. Think of bacteria living at such high temperatures as the crater. The cold spots in the Antarctic glaciers also have bacteria. If you only use a little disinfectant for a few months, then the fish will survive. Digestion of food depends on microbes, and fish excretion depends on microbes. These microbes are bacteria that can kill them all, assuming they can be killed, but can there really be a way to kill all the bacteria? Just like in intensive care units, ultra-micro work stations, is it really eliminating all bacteria? No, only relatively speaking, the bacteria are relatively small, and it is not absolutely sterile. That is why, in order to disinfect it, it is actually changing the type of bacteria. According to the breeding needs, bacteria that are beneficial to the growth and reproduction of fish should be cultivated as dominant populations, such as Bacillus licheniformis and lactic acid bacteria. The bacteria themselves are not beneficial and harmful, but we need to call the bacteria that are currently needed for breeding as needed. bacteria. For example, in the water body, it is necessary to decompose organic matter and fish excrement. At this time, the supplemented Bacillus is a beneficial bacteria; it can make the whole water body produce a virtuous cycle, not to consume oxygen, and prevent decomposition in the case of hypoxia to produce harmful to fish. substance. In the intestines and water bodies of fish, a large amount of lactic acid bacteria is needed to promote digestion and absorption. Sometimes, there are many ways to use the water to make up the fertilizer. At this time, the lactic acid bacteria are used as beneficial bacteria, and the water becomes fat. This is to adjust the structure of the bacteria, then what method to increase the effect, of course, is disinfected. Disinfection, of course, there is no way to kill only certain bacteria, as long as it can kill, all kill. However, in the whole aquaculture water, the total amount of bacteria is relatively constant. If there is more than one kind of bacteria, and we want to cultivate bacteria that are beneficial to our culture, such as Bacillus and Lactobacillus, then it is necessary to Indigenous microbes compete. If you increase the beneficial bacteria by cultivating the medium suitable for the reproduction of this beneficial bacteria, it is undoubtedly costly, not the best choice. The best way is to disinfect first, then re-cultivate, using a word to describe it is robbery. Rich and poor. This is a good understanding, is the disinfectant effect lasting good? Or is it fast decomposition and rapid decomposition?

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Qingdao Inspection and Quarantine Bureau assisted aquatic enterprise re-inspection successfully Canada official cancellation error notification

2017.01.18 970

On November 16, 2016, Qingdao Inspection and Quarantine Bureau was informed that two batches of frozen salmon that were exported to Canada were notified by the Canadian Food Inspection Agency (CFIA), and then organized to conduct investigations to guide and urge enterprises to actively communicate with foreign customers and CFIA of Canada. Apply for a re-examination. In the end, the Canadian CFIA agreed to re-examine and the results of the re-inspection were all qualified. Recently, Canada CFIA has revoked the notification information of these two shipments on its official website. The above two batches of goods totaled about 22.1 tons and the value of goods was about 115,000 US dollars. The goods have been successfully cleared. In the investigation, the inspection and quarantine personnel confirmed the name of the notified product as “FROZEN RAW PINK SALMON PORTION” by searching the CFIA website, and the reason for the notification was that the sensory inspection was unqualified. After verification, the traceability information of the two batches of goods is complete, and the items related to sensory testing in the raw material acceptance record, production processing record and finished product inspection record meet the requirements of relevant Canadian standards. According to the recommendation of the inspection and quarantine department, the company requires Canadian customers to send the goods to a third-party laboratory for testing, and the test result is qualified. Here, the inspection and quarantine department recommends: First, after the export products are notified by foreign countries, the enterprise should immediately understand the information on the export of goods through various channels, verify the problems and causes of the notification, and report to the inspection and quarantine department if it is found to be wrong. And actively appeal to the outside world. Second, in response to foreign error notifications, the inspection and quarantine departments should actively assist enterprises to make external complaints, provide relevant evidence in a timely manner through official channels or third-party channels, and urge relevant foreign departments to re-examine data and strive to cancel the error notification. Third, enterprises should accurately grasp the differences in the testing standards of such products, and carry out production and processing according to the requirements of different national standards to avoid economic losses. At the same time, they should also enhance risk awareness and try to choose customers with high integrity to conduct trade.

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The improvement of quality and safety testing has helped Fujian Dongshan's aquatic products exports reach new heights, accounting for half of the province and one-seventh of the country.

2017.01.18 942

In 2016, the Dongshan Port aquaculture industry has undergone a steady adjustment in the previous two years, especially in the first month after the end of the summer fishing season, it exported 278 million US dollars, an increase of 43.3% year-on-year, driving the export value of the previous August to 1.788 billion US dollars. It increased by 16.7% year-on-year, 13 percentage points higher than the national average. The value of exports accounted for 14.1% of the total value of exported aquatic products in the country. It further consolidated the status of the country's largest export chain of aquatic products processing. Chen Zhenkui, chairman of the Zhangzhou Aquatic Products Association and chairman of Dongshan Haikui Group, said: Due to the unremitting pursuit of product quality, Dongshan Aquatic Products brand has continuously improved its influence and become a typical example of supply-side structural reform. From the data of 2016, the average unit price of Dongshan aquatic products exports is nearly one-third higher than the provincial average. The price can be said to have no advantage. However, foreign merchants come to purchase, first consider Dongshan, and the fancy is that the variety is complete and the quality and safety management level is high. Nowadays, every enterprise attaches great importance to the construction of quality and safety self-checking and self-control system, invests heavily in laboratory testing equipment, and recruits technicians, in order to jointly maintain this quality and safety "golden signboard". Fang Chengjun, head of the Dongshan Bureau Technical Center, said that at present, more than 90% of the more than 100 export aquatic products companies in Dongshan Port have their own testing laboratories. As the most powerful official inspection and testing institution in the surrounding area, the center has exerted its own technological advantages. During the “Quality Month” activities, it has carried out laboratory open days, sharing test standards, and comparing the technical training of enterprise technicians with the results of laboratory inspections. A series of assistance work, from Xiamen University, Xiamen Ocean Institute, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University invited a number of professor-level experts and scholars to teach, so that enterprises can understand the current cutting-edge food safety testing theory and management methods, comprehensively improve corporate quality and safety testing strength.

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Manual control of tilapia sex can significantly increase aquaculture benefits

2017.01.18 983

Recently, at the 2016 annual meeting of the Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fish Resources and Reproductive Development, the researchers of Southwest University, the University of Maryland and the Ehime University of Japan jointly released the first tilapia indoor artificial breeding technology system. The manual control of fish sex is achieved, which can greatly increase the income of aquaculture.     Tilapia is known as the “protein source that does not require protein” and is an excellent breeding target recommended by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations to countries around the world. For a long time, there are two technical problems in artificially cultured tilapia: males grow 50% faster than females, and farmers want to raise males; after females mature, they produce eggs once every 14 days, and only one in one pond. Mother fish, when naturally propagated, will cause the fish in the pond to be mixed in size, affecting the commerciality of the same batch of fish, and also wasting aquaculture resources.     Professor Wang Deshou, dean of the School of Life Sciences at Southwest University, and Ph.D. supervisor, began researching tilapia 16 years ago. He collaborated with the University of Maryland and Ehime University in Japan to use RAPD, AFLP and PCR to randomly amplify the sex determination interval, and screened five X or Y chromosome-specific molecular markers to determine the chromosome corresponding to LG23. Chromosomes, and found that Marker-5 is closest to the sex-determining gene.     Afterwards, Professor Wang's team used the molecular marker (Marker-5) obtained by screening to combine the constructed Nile tilapia microarray Fosmid genomic library to clone the Nile tilapia sex-determining gene amhy, amhy only in XY. (male fish) gonad expression. Using the CRISPR/Cas9 technique to knock out amhy in XY individuals, the gonads develop into ovaries; in XY individuals knocking out amhrII, complete reversal also occurs.     The research results were published in the American journal of genetics "PLoS Genetics", which was cited more than 20 times by "Scientific Reports" and "Biology of Reproduction", which attracted wide attention from the academic community.     Dr. Li Minghui, a member of the team of Professor Wang, said that the result of the research is that the male fish (XY) is induced by estrogen to make it female, and the fish eggs are produced, and then fertilized by ordinary male fish to breed " Super male fish (YY), after fertilizing the female fish (XX) with super male fish, the whole male fish (XY) is obtained. This means that the tilapia sex will be manually controlled.     It is reported that the cloning of sex-determining genes is a hot and difficult problem in the fields of genetics, developmental biology, animal reproduction biology and basic biology of aquatic products. Of the nearly 50,000 species of vertebrates currently in the world, fewer than 10 sex-determining genes have been found (amhy of tilapia is one of them). Researchers have isolated more sex-determining genes and studied their functions from the most evolved crustaceans with lower evolutionary status, and are essential for elucidating the evolutionary patterns and characteristics of vertebrate sex-determining genes.     At present, the results of Southwest University have been applied to a fishery in Guangdong. It uses molecular marker-assisted breeding technology. The biological characteristics of tilapia have not changed much, and the third-generation fish is actually on the market. Food safety Guaranteed.

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